How to prevent blindness caused by diabetes

A whole spectrum of eye conditions can be caused by diabetes, including blindness, also known as diabetic retinopathy – but detecting early signs can safeguard your eyes.

Over 537 million adults aged 20-79 are affected globally as of 2021.

Filipino Americans have the second highest type 2 diabetes prevalence among Asian Americans, according to a recent survey.

On World Diabetes Day, it’s important to learn how diabetes impacts your eyesight and how to prevent blindness and other eye conditions, including glaucoma and cataracts.

This #WorldDiabetesDay, let’s take a stand against diabetes. By fostering awareness and healthy lifestyle choices, we can help prevent this condition and support those managing it. Together, we can build a healthier future for all. pic.twitter.com/fkVrBFenkl

— Mohan Charan Majhi (@MohanMOdisha) November 14, 2024

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What is diabetic retinopathy?

The National Eye Institute warns that this eye condition, common among diabetic patients, can result in blindness.

Diabetic retinopathy affects blood vessels in your retina — the light-sensitive layer behind your eyes. While early stages might not exhibit symptoms, identifying and addressing it early is vital.

Dr. Mirwat Sami from Houston Oculofacial Plastic Surgery explained to Fox26, “When someone has diabetes, there’s some abnormal new vessels that develop. Swelling occurs, and it’s all because of poor glycemic control, elevated glucose levels in your blood and that kind of insight, this sort of inflammatory and neurovascular process.”

Diabetic retinopathy occurs when high levels of blood sugar lead to damage of the blood vessels within the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye.

Source: Choate Eye Associates#MedTwitter pic.twitter.com/RRZqCx11P9

— Hugo Chrost (@chrost_hugo) May 28, 2023

Symptoms to watch out for 

According to Dr. Sami, early detection can prevent 90 percent of permanent eye damage caused by diabetes. Here are some signs to watch out for:

• Blurry vision
• Difficulty reading and seeing distant objects
• Seeing dark, floating spots or cobweb-like streaks
• Bleeding inside the eyes (vitreous hemorrhage)

How to prevent blindness caused by diabetes

By monitoring your glucose levels and overall health, you can safeguard your vision and lower complication risks. Here are some ways to prevent diabetic retinopathy:

• Keep your sugar levels at bay
• Eat balanced meals
• Exercise regularly
• Monitor cholesterol and blood pressure
• Avoid smoking